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The lower the number of Hz the lower the sound is. 5" JL Audio 10W1 - 3. Below is a diagram of what sound looks like as a wave:A sound wave like the one above goes through a cycle of 360 degrees. Factory model car speakers are usually ill equipped to give out the kind of sound that is emanating form subwoofer boxes, which is why buying your own speakers will likely be a necessity. WHY BUILD YOUR OWN BOX?
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Lets face it; we all want to invoke the sounds that make us happiest, and what better way to do that than with music? Because the batteries stored power is so strong it is important to treat it with respect. Connect the ground wire to the ground connection terminal on the amplifier. Vented enclosures, which are also known as ported or bass-reflex systems are harder to do than sealed boxes, but they offer extra construction work that is necessary if you want to install a vent which is something that will have its own rewards in the long run. Usually power-handling is improved though, so unless the box is REALLY too small, its fine.
This section is about the electrical system in your car. This is important when building a subwoofer because it is the electrical system that you have to make allowances for and this is the entire reason that you even have a car stereo that runs in the first place. So lets get going!
A vehicle's electrical system consists of many parts but the ones that are the most important in dealing with subwoofers are the battery, the alternator, and the power wiring.
A vehicle electrical system generally consists of a 12 volt DC system. The primary source of power when the vehicle is not running is the battery. This is why you can turn the ignition backwards and the stereo system runs even though the car is not on.
The primary source of power when the vehicle is running is the alternator. This is a very important point to remember so please do. The primary functions of the battery are to start the vehicle and provide power when it is not running. Because the batteries stored power is so strong it is important to treat it with respect.
Your battery has the power to burn your vehicle up if an unfused power wire is shorted to ground. That is why you must remember to disconnect the negative battery cable before doing any work on a stereo system.
Depending on your car's factory issues electrical system, you may not have enough power to run a store bought stereo system in it. You probably do unless you have a multi-megawatt system or an extremely tiny alternator which is unlikely. If your battery goes dead on you after the installation of your new stereo you may have an electrical system problem. For this reason you should have your battery and electrical system tested by a qualified technician before making any additions or changes to your system. Here are some of the common problems that you will find and their likely cures.
1. Battery
Many people seem to think that adding a second battery will cure all of their electrical problems. The reasoning behind many people doing the second battery is a silly one. They figure that if one battery is good then two must be better. That just isnt true. You have to remember that the function of a battery is to start the vehicle and to provide power when the vehicle is not running and that is all.
The only thing a second battery will help you with is extending the listening time to your stereo when you are not running your car. Basically it will provide you the additional capacity to run your stereo longer without starting the vehicle. However, after the vehicle is started again the second battery becomes another load on an already overworked alternator. What will eventually happen is that you will have to keep replacing your alternator.
If you do replace your battery I would recommend getting one from Optima or one of the other specialty battery manufacturers such as Stinger, Lightning Audio or Rockford Fosgate.
2. Alternator
Most of the time that you find that you are experiencing frequent dead batteries, this is a sign that your electrical system isn't keeping up and you may need to upgrade your alternator. When you do this it will give you more juice to run all of your electrical components, including your stereo system, without hoping that your battery will do all the work for you.
The problem with doing this is that your alternator is undersized for your new electrical requirements and will be forced to look to the battery to provide the extra power, and this ends up with you having a shortened battery life. Have a qualified technician verify this before investing in a larger alternator.
Hopefully you can find a larger alternator from your vehicle's manufacturer that will work well with your existing system. Consult the manufacturer or the local dealer that you got the car from to find out about this. If you cant then you can look to the aftermarket manufacturers to see what is available for you.
3. Capacitors
Another solution to your problems could be to add a power or "stiffening" capacitor. This will acts as an electrical storage buffer. It stores power for you until it is needed for higher electrical demands such as carrying heavy bass notes. If your headlights dim when you have you stereo cranked up loud then this is one device that would seriously benefit you. This is most noticeable when music with a heavy beat is played such as hip hop and pop music. Your headlights will dim to the beat.